A pulse power supply is a type of power supply that utilizes unique modulation technology and digital control. To enhance your understanding of pulse power supplies, this article will explain their operating principles, advantages, and features.
Working principle of pulse power supply
A pulse power supply, also known as an AC-to-DC power supply, uses semiconductor devices to convert high-frequency AC power into the desired DC voltage and current through rectification, filtering, and voltage regulation. In a pulse power supply, the AC power generated by an AC generator is first rectified by a transformer and a rectifier bridge to convert it into DC power. The power then passes through a filter capacitor to filter out the AC signal, bringing the actual output voltage and current closer to DC voltage and current. Subsequent processing may require voltage stabilization, protection, and feedback circuits to ensure stable and reliable output.
The working process of pulse power supply
1. The AC generator provides AC power, which is frequency-modulated by a transformer and fed into a rectifier bridge.
2. The rectifier bridge rectifies the AC power, extracting the valleys of the sinusoidal wave to generate a DC power supply.
3. The filter capacitor further filters any residual ripple in the power supply, enhancing output stability.
4. A voltage regulator circuit is built into the power supply to help regulate voltage stability.
5. The feedback circuit monitors the output performance of the pulse power supply and adjusts the control cycle.
6. The protection circuit shuts down the power supply in abnormal conditions such as overload and overheating.
Overall, the operating principle of a pulse power supply is very simple: AC power is first converted to DC power, followed by further rectification and filtering, and finally, various control circuits achieve stable and reliable output.
When used in electroplating of gold, silver, nickel, tin, and alloys, pulse power supplies can significantly improve the functionality of the coating. When used in protective and decorative plating (such as decorative gold), they can achieve uniform color, excellent brightness, and strong corrosion resistance.
When used in precious metal purification, pulse power supplies can achieve higher purity. Pulse power supplies are superior to traditional electroplating power supplies and represent the future development direction of electroplating power supplies. Dual-pulse power supplies achieve more detailed and smoother electroplating than single-pulse power supplies. The anodic dissolution of the reverse pulses in a dual-pulse power supply rapidly increases the metal ion concentration on the cathode surface, facilitating the use of high pulse current density in subsequent cathode cycles. The resulting deposit is dense, bright, and has low porosity. The anodic stripping of the reverse pulses significantly reduces the inclusion of organic impurities (including brighteners) in the coating, resulting in a high-purity, tarnish-resistant coating.
Dual-pulse power supplies are suitable for electroplating of gold, silver, rare metals, nickel, zinc, tin, chromium, and alloys; electroforming of copper and nickel; coating of electrolytic capacitors; anodizing of aluminum and titanium products; and electrolytic polishing of precision parts.
Advantages of Pulse Power Supplies
1. Small Size and Light Weight
High-frequency pulse power supplies are one-fifth to one-tenth the size and weight of controllable power supplies, making them very convenient for planning, expansion, maintenance, and installation. 2. High Energy Saving
The switching power supply of a high-frequency pulse power supply utilizes a high-frequency transformer, significantly improving conversion efficiency. Generally, this can increase equipment efficiency by over 10%. When the load factor is below 70%, it can increase the efficiency of silicon-controlled devices by over 30%.
3. High Output Stability
Due to the rapid response of the high-frequency pulse power supply system, it is highly adaptable to changes in grid power and load, achieving output accuracy better than 1%. This increases the efficiency of the switching power supply and, consequently, control precision, effectively improving product quality.
4. Easy Output Waveform Modulation
Due to the high operating frequency of the high-frequency pulse power supply, the cost of adjusting the output waveform is low. The output waveform can be easily adjusted to meet user requirements, significantly improving both workplace efficiency and product quality.
A pulse power supply, also known as an AC-to-DC power supply, is a type of power supply that converts high-frequency AC power into the required DC power through rectification, filtering, and voltage regulation using semiconductor devices. It is widely used in electroplating, precious metal purification and other fields, and has the characteristics of high efficiency, high reliability, small size and strong adaptability.
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